Advanced Windows RUN Commands for system administrator

Accessibility Controls- access.cpl

Add Hardware Wizard- hdwwiz.cpl

Add/Remove Programs- appwiz.cpl

Administrative Tools- control admintools

Automatic Updates- wuaucpl.cpl

Bluetooth Transfer Wizard- fsquirt

Calculator- calc

Certificate Manager- certmgr.msc

Character Map- charmap

Check Disk Utility- chkdsk

Clipboard Viewer- clipbrd

Command Prompt- cmd

Component Services- dcomcnfg

Computer Management- compmgmt.msc

timedate.cpl- ddeshare

Device Manager- devmgmt.msc

Direct X Control Panel (If Installed)*- directx.cpl

Direct X Troubleshooter- dxdiag

Disk Cleanup Utility- cleanmgr

Disk Defragment- dfrg.msc

Disk Management- diskmgmt.msc

Disk Partition Manager- diskpart

Display Properties- control desktop

Display Properties- desk.cpl

Display Properties (w/Appearance Tab Preselected)- control color

Dr. Watson System Troubleshooting Utility- drwtsn32

Driver Verifier Utility- verifier

Event Viewer- eventvwr.msc

File Signature Verification Tool- sigverif

Findfast- findfast.cpl

Folders Properties- control folders

Fonts- control fonts

Fonts Folder- fonts

Free Cell Card Game- freecell

Game Controllers- joy.cpl

Group Policy Editor (XP Prof)- gpedit.msc

Hearts Card Game- mshearts

Iexpress Wizard- iexpress

Indexing Service- ciadv.msc

Internet Properties- inetcpl.cpl

IP Configuration (Display Connection Configuration) ipconfig /all

IP Configuration (Display DNS Cache Contents) ipconfig /displaydns

IP Configuration (Delete DNS Cache Contents)- ipconfig /flushdns

IP Configuration (Release All Connections)- ipconfig /release

IP Configuration (Renew All Connections)- ipconfig /renew

IP Configuration (Refreshes DHCP & Re-Registers DNS)- ipconfig /registerdns

IP Configuration (Display DHCP Class ID)- ipconfig /showclassid

IP Configuration (Refreshes DHCP & Re-Registers DNS)- ipconfig /registerdns

IP Configuration (Display DHCP Class ID)- ipconfig /showclassid

IP Configuration (Modifies DHCP Class ID)- ipconfig /setclassid

Java Control Panel (If Installed)- jpicpl32.cpl

Java Control Panel (If Installed)- javaws

Keyboard Properties- control keyboard

Local Security Settings- secpol.msc

Local Users and Groups- lusrmgr.msc

Logs You Out Of Windows- logoff

Microsoft Chat- winchat

Minesweeper Game- winmine

Mouse Properties- control mouse

Mouse Properties- main.cpl

Network Connections- control netconnections

Network Connections- ncpa.cpl

Network Setup Wizard- netsetup.cpl

Notepad- notepad

Nview Desktop Manager (If Installed)- nvtuicpl.cpl

Object Packager- packager

ODBC Data Source Administrator- odbccp32.cpl

On Screen Keyboard- osk

Opens AC3 Filter (If Installed)- ac3filter.cpl

Password Properties- password.cpl

Performance Monitor- perfmon.msc

Performance Monitor- perfmon

Phone and Modem Options- telephon.cpl

Power Configuration- powercfg.cpl

Printers and Faxes- control printers

Printers Folder- printers

Private Character Editor- eudcedit

Quicktime (If Installed)- QuickTime.cpl

Regional Settings- intl.cpl

Registry Editor- regedit

Registry Editor- regedit32

Remote Desktop- mstsc

Removable Storage- ntmsmgr.msc

Removable Storage Operator Requests- ntmsoprq.msc

Resultant Set of Policy (XP Prof)- rsop.msc

Scanners and Cameras- sticpl.cpl

Scheduled Tasks- control schedtasks

Security Center- wscui.cpl

Services- services.msc

Shared Folders- fsmgmt.msc

Shuts Down Windows- shutdown

Sounds and Audio- mmsys.cpl

Spider Solitare Card Game- spider

SQL Client Configuration- cliconfg

System Configuration Editor- sysedit

System Configuration Utility- msconfig

System File Checker Utility (Scan Immediately)- sfc /sc

Run Line Commands

BCKGZM.EXE – Backgammon

CHKRZM.EXE – Checkers

CONF.EXE – NetMeeting

DIALER.EXE – Phone Dialer

HELPCTR.EXE – Help and Support

HRTZZM.EXE – Internet Hearts

HYPERTRM.EXE – HyperTerminal

ICWCONN1.EXE – Internet Connection Wizard

IEXPLORE.EXE – Internet Explorer

INETWIZ.EXE – Setup Your Internet Connection

INSTALL.EXE – User’s Folder

MIGWIZ.EXE – File and Settings Transfer Wizard

MOVIEMK.EXE – Windows Movie Maker

MPLAYER2.EXE – Windows Media Player Version 6.4.09.1120

MSCONFIG.EXE – System Configuration Utility

MSIMN.EXE – Outlook Express

MSINFO32.EXE – System Information

MSMSGS.EXE – Windows Messenger

MSN6.EXE – MSN Explorer

PBRUSH.EXE – Paint

PINBALL.EXE – Pinball

RVSEZM.EXE – Reversi

SHVLZM.EXE – Spades

TABLE30.EXE – User’s Folder

WAB.EXE – Windows Address Book

WABMIG.EXE – Address Book Import Tool

WINNT32.EXE – User’s Folder

WMPLAYER.EXE – Windows Media Player

WRITE.EXE – Wordpad

ACCWIZ.EXE – Accessibility Wizard

CALC.EXE – Calculator

CHARMAP.EXE – Character Map

CLEANMGR.EXE – Disk Space Cleanup Manager

CLICONFG.EXE – SQL Client Configuration Utility

CLIPBRD.EXE – Clipbook Viewer

CLSPACK.EXE – Class Package Export Tool

CMD.EXE – Command Line

CMSTP.EXE – Connection Manager Profile Installer

CONTROL.EXE – Control Panel

DCOMCNFG.EXE – Component Services

DDESHARE.EXE – DDE Share

DRWATSON.EXE – Doctor Watson v1.00b

DRWTSN32.EXE – Doctor Watson Settings

DVDPLAY.EXE – DVD Player

DXDIAG.EXE – DirectX Diagnostics

EUDCEDIT.EXE – Private Character Editor

EVENTVWR.EXE – Event Viewer

EXPLORER.EXE – Windows Explorer

FREECELL.EXE – Free Cell

FXSCLNT.EXE – Fax Console

FXSCOVER.EXE – Fax Cover Page Editor

FXSEND.EXE – MS Fax Send Note Utility

IEXPRESS.EXE – IExpress 2.0

LOGOFF.EXE – System Logoff

MAGNIFY.EXE – Microsoft Magnifier

MMC.EXE – Microsoft Management Console

MOBSYNC.EXE – Microsoft Synchronization Manager

MPLAY32.EXE – Windows Media Player version 5.1

MSHEARTS.EXE – Hearts

MSPAINT.EXE – Paint

MSTSC.EXE – Remote Desktop Connection

NARRATOR.EXE – Microsoft Narrator

NETSETUP.EXE – Network Setup Wizard

NOTEPAD.EXE – Notepad

NSLOOKUP.EXE – NSLookup Application

NTSD.EXE – Symbolic Debugger for Windows 2000

ODBCAD32.EXE – ODBC Data Source Administrator

OSK.EXE – On Screen Keyboard

OSUNINST.EXE – Windows Uninstall Utility

PACKAGER.EXE – Object Packager

PERFMON.EXE – Performance Monitor

PROGMAN.EXE – Program Manager

RASPHONE.EXE – Remote Access Phonebook

REGEDIT.EXE – Registry Editor

REGEDT32.EXE – Registry Editor

RESET.EXE – Resets Session

RSTRUI.EXE – System Restore

RTCSHARE.EXE – RTC Application Sharing

SFC.EXE – System File Checker

SHRPUBW.EXE – Create Shared Folder

SHUTDOWN.EXE – System Shutdown

SIGVERIF.EXE – File Signature Verification

SNDREC32.EXE – Sound Recorder

SNDVOL32.EXE – Sound Volume

SOL.EXE – Solitaire

SPIDER.EXE – Spider Solitaire

SYNCAPP.EXE – Create A Briefcase

SYSEDIT.EXE – System Configuration Editor

SYSKEY.EXE – SAM Lock Tool

TASKMGR.EXE – Task Manager

TELNET.EXE – MS Telnet Client

TSSHUTDN.EXE – System Shutdown

TOURSTART.EXE – Windows Tour Launcher

UTILMAN.EXE – System Utility Manager

USERINIT.EXE – My Documents

VERIFIER.EXE – Driver Verifier Manager

WIAACMGR.EXE – Scanner and Camera Wizard

WINCHAT.EXE – Windows for Workgroups Chat

WINHELP.EXE – Windows Help Engine

WINHLP32.EXE – Help

WINMINE.EXE – Minesweeper

WINVER.EXE – Windows Version Information

WRITE.EXE – WordPad

WSCRIPT.EXE – Windows Script Host Settings

WUPDMGR.EXE – Windows Update

ACCESS.CPL – Accessibility Options

APPWIZ.CPL – Add or Remove Programs

DESK.CPL – Display Properties

HDWWIZ.CPL – Add Hardware Wizard

INETCPL.CPL – Internet Explorer Properties

INTL.CPL – Regional and Language Options

JOY.CPL – Game Controllers

MAIN.CPL – Mouse Properties

MMSYS.CPL – Sounds and Audio Device Properties

NCPA.CPL – Network Connections

NUSRMGR.CPL – User Accounts

ODBCCP32.CPL – ODBC Data Source Administrator

POWERCFG.CPL – Power Options Properties

SYSDM.CPL – System Properties

TELEPHON.CPL – Phone and Modem Options

TIMEDATE.CPL – Date and Time Properties

CERTMGR.MSC – Certificates

CIADV.MSC – Indexing Service

COMPMGMT.MSC – Computer Management

DEVMGMT.MSC – Device Manager

DFRG.MSC – Disk Defragmenter

DISKMGMT.MSC – Disk Management

EVENTVWR.MSC – Event Viewer

FSMGMT.MSC – Shared Folders

LUSRMGR.MSC – Local Users and Groups

NTMSMGR.MSC – Removable Storage

NTMSOPRQ.MSC – Removable Storage Operator Requests

PERFMON.MSC – Performance Monitor

SERVICES.MSC – Services

WMIMGMT.MSC – Windows Management Infrastructure

How to Install Cygwin Offline in Windows 7

Here are instructions assuming you want to install Cygwin on a windows computer with no Internet connection. I assume that you have access to another computer with an Internet connection. Start on the connected computer:

cygwin is Linux environment and command-line interface for Windows

To know completely about cygwin click here.

Cygwin uses a small setup file to download the large setup file from the mirrors.
You can install cygwin in 2 ways.

• 1. Install cygwin online.
• 2. Install cygwin offline.

STEPS TO DOWNLOAD.

• 1. Download the cygwin setup file from here.
• 2. Run the downloaded setup file as an administrator.
• 3. Click "Next".
• 
  
  
  
  
• 4. Select "Download Without Installing" and then "Next"

• 5. Select the local folder in which you should place your setup files by clicking "Browse.."
• 6. Select the folder to download offline installer files and then "OK"

• 7. Choose your internet connection method which by default is 'Direct Connection'.

• 8. Select the mirrors from which site your setup file should be from and click "Next".

• 9. Wait for the original set up file to be downloaded.

• 10.Choose the packages you want and click "Next"

• 11.Wait for the download to complete. It may take 5-10 Minutes depending your connection speed and selected mirror.
• 12.Click "Finish".

• That's it!! Now you have offline installar to install cygwin offline.
  On the target computer, run "setup.exe"
  Copy downloaded directory, along with the "setup.exe" program, over to your target computer
  On the target computer, run "setup.exe"
  When the setup asks "Choose a download source", choose Install From Local Directory
  Complete setup as usual. No Internet access is required.
  
  

10 tips for Online social networking safety

Social networking websites like MySpace, Facebook, Twitter, and Windows Live Spaces are services people can use to connect with others to share information like photos, videos, and personal messages. As the popularity of these social sites grows, so do the risks of using them. Hackers, spammers, virus writers, identity thieves, and other criminals follow the traffic.

Read these tips to help protect yourself when you use social networks:

1. Use caution when you click links that you receive in messages from your friends on your social website. Treat links in messages on these sites as you would links in email messages. (For more information, see Approach links in email with caution and Click Fraud: Cybercriminals want you to 'like' it.)
2. Know what you've posted about yourself. A common way that hackers break into financial or other accounts is by clicking the "Forgot your password?" link on the account login page. To break into your account, they search for the answers to your security questions, such as your birthday, home town, high school class, or mother's middle name. If the site allows, make up your own password questions, and don't draw them from material anyone could find with a quick search.
3. Don't trust that a message is really from who it says it's from. Hackers can break into accounts and send messages that look like they're from your friends, but aren't. If you suspect that a message is fraudulent, use an alternate method to contact your friend to find out. This includes invitations to join new social networks. For more information, see Scammers exploit Facebook friendships.
4. To avoid giving away email addresses of your friends, do not allow social networking services to scan your email address book. When you join a new social network, you might receive an offer to enter your email address and password to find out if your contacts are on the network. The site might use this information to send email messages to everyone in your contact list or even everyone you've ever sent an email message to with that email address. Social networking sites should explain that they're going to do this, but some do not.
5. Type the address of your social networking site directly into your browser or use your personal bookmarks. If you click a link to your site through email or another website, you might be entering your account name and password into a fake site where your personal information could be stolen. For more tips about how to avoid phishing scams, see Email and web scams: How to help protect yourself.
6. Be selective about who you accept as a friend on a social network. Identity thieves might create fake profiles in order to get information from you.
7. Choose your social network carefully. Evaluate the site that you plan to use and make sure you understand the privacy policy. Find out if the site monitors content that people post. You will be providing personal information to this website, so use the same criteria that you would to select a site where you enter your credit card.
8. Assume that everything you put on a social networking site is permanent. Even if you can delete your account, anyone on the Internet can easily print photos or text or save images and videos to a computer.
9. Be careful about installing extras on your site. Many social networking sites allow you to download third-party applications that let you do more with your personal page. Criminals sometimes use these applications to steal your personal information. To download and use third-party applications safely, take the same safety precautions that you take with any other program or file you download from the web.
10. Think twice before you use social networking sites at work. For more information, see Be careful with social networking sites, especially at work.

How to configure OPEN VPN Server in Windows System

Downloading and Installing Open VPN.

First Step is to Downloading and installing the software.

1. Download the installer for windows server from ​here and run it on the your windows computer.
2. Install OpenVPN on each client. (This step can be skipped for now and done at any convenient time)

Configuring Certificates and Keys

Preparatory Steps

1. After finishing installation process, Navigate to the C:\Program Files\OpenVPN\easy-rsa folder in the command prompt:
   

2. Initialize the OpenVPN configuration:
   init-config
   NOTE: Only run init-config once, during installation.

3. Open the vars.bat file in a text editor:
   notepad vars.bat

4. Edit the following lines in vars.bat, replacing "IN", "CA," etc. with your company's information:

   set KEY_COUNTRY=IN
   set KEY_PROVINCE=CA
   set KEY_CITY=Bangalore
   set KEY_ORG=Apacheinfotech
   set KEY_EMAIL=webadmin@apacheinfotech.com
   

5. Save the file and exit notepad.

6. Run the following commands:

   vars
   

   clean-all
   

Building Certificates and Keys

1. The certificate authority (CA) certificate and key:

   build-ca
   

   • When prompted, enter your country, etc. These will have default values, which appear in brackets. For your "Common Name," a good choice is to pick a name to identify your company's Certificate Authority. For example, "OpenVPN-CA":

     Country Name (2 letter code IN for india) [IN]:
     State or Province Name (full name) [CA]:
     Locality Name (eg, city) [Bangalore]:
     Organization Name (eg, company) [ApacheInfotech]:
     Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:
     Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:OpenVPN-CA
     Email Address [admin@apacheinfotech.com]:
     

2. The server certificate and key:

   build-key-server server
   

   • When prompted, enter the "Common Name" as "server"
   • When prompted to sign the certificate, enter "y"
   • When prompted to commit, enter "y"

3. Client certificates and keys:

1. For each client, choose a name to identify that computer, such as "arun-laptop" in this example.

   build-key arun-laptop
   

   • When prompted, enter the "Common Name" as the name you have chosen (e.g. "arun-laptop")
2. Repeat this step for each client computer that will connect to the VPN.

4. Generate Diffie Hellman parameters (This is necessary to set up the encryption)

   build-dh
   

Configuration Files

1. Find the sample configuration files:

   Start Menu -> All Programs -> OpenVPN -> OpenVPN Sample Configuration Files
   

Server Config File

1. Open server.ovpn

2. Find the following lines:

   ca ca.crt
   cert server.crt
   key server.key
   

   dh dh1024.pem
   

3. Edit them as follows:

   ca "C:\\Program Files\\OpenVPN\\config\\ca.crt"
   cert "C:\\Program Files\\OpenVPN\\config\\server.crt"
   key "C:\\Program Files\\OpenVPN\\config\\server.key"
   

   dh "C:\\Program Files\\OpenVPN\\config\\dh1024.pem"
   

4. Save the file as C:\Program Files\OpenVPN\easy-rsa\server.ovpn

Client Config Files

This is similar to the server configuration

1. Open client.ovpn

2. Find the following lines:

   ca ca.crt
   cert client.crt
   key client.key
   

3. Edit them as follows:

   ca "C:\\Program Files\\OpenVPN\\config\\ca.crt"
   cert "C:\\Program Files\\OpenVPN\\config\\arun-laptop.crt"
   key "C:\\Program Files\\OpenVPN\\config\\arun-laptop.key"
   

   • Notice that the name of the client certificate and key files depends upon the Common Name of each client.

4. Edit the following line, replacing "my-server-1" with your server's public Internet IP Address or Domain Name

   remote my-server-1 1194
   

5. Save the file as C:\Program Files\OpenVPN\easy-rsa\arun-laptop.ovpn (in this example. Each client will need a different, but similar, config file depending upon that client's Common Name.)

Copying the Server and Client Files to Their Appropriate Directories

1. Copy these files from C:\Program Files\OpenVPN\easy-rsa\ to C:\Program Files\OpenVPN\config\ on the server:

   ca.crt
   dh1024.pem
   server.crt
   server.key
   server.ovpn
   

2. Copy these files from C:\Program Files\OpenVPN\easy-rsa\ on the server to C:\Program Files\OpenVPN\config\ on each client (arun-laptop, in this example):

   ca.crt
   arun-laptop.crt
   arun-laptop.key
   arun-laptop.ovpn
   

Starting OpenVPN

1. On both client and server, run OpenVPN from:

   Start Menu -> All Programs -> OpenVPN -> OpenVPN GUI
   

2. Double click the icon which shows up in the system tray to initiate the connection. The resulting dialog should close upon a successful start.

Further Considerations / Troubleshooting

Firewall Configuration

If you have connection problems, make sure to set a rule on your server's firewall allowing incoming traffic on UDP port 1194.

Port Forwarding

If your server is behind a router, you will need to forward the port chosen for OpenVPN (in this example UDP 1194) to the server. Consult your router's documentation for details on this.
To set up port forwarding, you will likely need to set up the server with a static local IP address instead of the default dynamic (changing) IP.  Make sure to choose a static IP address that is not in the range your router might assign as a dynamic IP, but is within the router's subnet (usually 192.168.0.xxx , 10.0.0.xxx , or similar).

 

 Running OpenVPN as a Service

Running OpenVPN as a service will allow:

1. OpenVPN to be run from a non-administrator account.

2. OpenVPN to be started automatically on system startup. This is often preferred on the server machine, as well as any machines which will be constantly connected to the server.

1. Run the Windows Service administrative tool:
   1. Press Windows Key + R
   2. Type "services.msc" and press Enter.

      services.msc
      

2. Find the OpenVPN service, and set its Startup Type to "automatic."

3. Optionally, start the service now.

Security Tips

1. Transmit all needed files(such as certificates &  keys) to the client computers using a secure means such as a USB drive (email is not always a secure means).
2. Choose a port other than UDP 1194, and replace the port number wherever this guide mentions UDP port 1194.

Cloning OpenVPN Servers

If including OpenVPN in a cloned server build you will find that all servers will have the same MAC address for the TAP device. This will cause packet loss across the network. Standard methods of changing the IP address from scripts do not work on the TAP device, to resolve this delete and recreate the TAP device using the scripts included with OpenVPN:

C:\Program Files\OpenVPN\bin\deltapall
C:\Program Files\OpenVPN\bin\addtap

You will then have to rename the connection to match the entry in the config file.